As a representative of a new generation of light source, LED has a very good performance, such as brightness, color saturation and light effects are high, high efficacy LED lamps, small size, light weight, strong and long life, low driving voltage, easy to drive, but also for need a variety of occasions, such as indoor lighting, road lighting, architectural lighting, display applications, traffic signal lighting, industrial lighting. After the initial development of Chinas LED industry, industry initial stage, after industry growth, key technologies currently in development, is also facing many problems and challenges.
Disorderly competition affect the industry
Deal with patent war. Since 2010, will continue some important field of white LED patent expired, in other words, LED industry in recent years, it will fall into frequent and patent litigation battle. According to incomplete statistics, the current global LED patent applications reached 124,000, of which the United States accounted for 20 000, China accounted for 25 000, Japan accounted for 49,000. The point is that Chinas 25,000 LED patents, mostly concentrated in the middle and lower reaches of the whole industry chain, multi-part designs, utility model patents, patent is extremely rare. On the upstream industry chain, although all have some peripheral patents, but the core patents held by a small degree.
Balanced productivity growth and market demand. According to incomplete statistics, in 2010 only listed investment company in the field of LED just over 30 billion yuan, 20 billion yuan of which three optical, BDO Runda 4 billion. For 2010, investment in the LED industry, about 37% to invest in the upstream chips, 52% to invest in downstream applications, began to show signs of overcapacity. 2011 to July, China has increased more than 200 sets of MOCVD equipment is expected in 2012, China LED chip production capacity in 2010 of 10 times. Currently China MOCVD equipment more than 500 units, count in the construction of 96 projects with a total number of units of more than 1,600 units. According to statistics, the current domestic production enterprises sapphire substrate 41, a total investment of 44.7 billion yuan plan, including projects under construction amounted to 12.08 billion yuan planning projects under construction production capacity of 101 million / year. However, due to the global economic situation is not optimistic, LED chip demand is declining. How to expand the LED general lighting market, how to support the government, how to cultivate the market, we need to solve.
To avoid disorderly competition. The most immediate result before the LED heat when attracted some blind investment is the result of vicious competition, leading to blind investment and vicious competition, vicious competition, ignoring product quality, inferior products discredit. Thus, disorderly competition led to the closure of some enterprises, SMEs in such blind investment which may not survive the winter. For the industry among the industries concerned, have a negative impact, how to change? It may take time and cost digested slowly so some impact. Would have been difficult for the LED industry, is not it gave us add some unfavorable factors?
Development calls for a long-term vision
Cope with a shortage of raw materials. High Brightness LED chips are based on metal indium. Its content in the earths crust in the first row 61, a strategic metal in second place, the development and application growing, global reserves are not rich, the price is growing and is expected to be cyclical shortages in the future. If the LED into the general lighting market, the problems caused by the abundant raw materials it? Currently, many foreign institutions and companies have begun to explore new chip materials, China also should pay attention to this problem, begin to deal with possible future prices of raw materials, research and development the new LED materials.
Focus on the development of new technologies. The LED enhance internal quantum efficiency, but also by changing the structure of the package, as well as new phosphors / quantum dot, a transparent substrate, a contact material, reflective material, the second optical / reflector lamp designs, such as the development of high-performance drive power .
OLED challenges can not be ignored. LED and OLED strengths, when the LED to the market when there is competition, compatriots OLEDs. Currently OLED display technology is relatively mature, and has entered the market, lighting technology is attention has been rapid development. Current product grade white OLED luminous efficiency has reached 50lm / W, more than twice the general illumination light, life expectancy has reached 10 million hours. The white light-emitting efficiency of R & D laboratory reach 120lm / W, is close to the US Department of lighting material requirements of 150lm / W. Of course, OLED flat light source is also facing some problems: OLED light emitting material after power antioxidant capacity of poor, fear of water, needs vacuum glass seal, which will require LTPSTFT substrate, the cost of OLED applications in large-size area will remain high; currently large-size OLED panel yield is still not high, so that a substantial increase in the cost of OLED product line, but also makes the production can not increase quickly; because of the different properties of the luminescent material, component life by limiting short-board effect; a surface light source and driver specifications power standards yet to be established.